河南省2024届高三3月金太阳百万联考英语答案

紧张的高三，当各学科复习试卷像潮水一样汹涌而来，每一名学生都会或多或少地产生对学习的厌倦情绪。但是对于试卷，学生要非常重视并且利用好。因为这一张张试卷都是各学科老师精心挑选的，每道试题都很有代表性，可以强化复习中所需具备的知识和能力。小编今天整理了全国各省市高三各类试题供广大考生参考。

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Extended producer responsibility(EPR)refers to a policy approach where producers aregiven responsibility for the environmental impacts of their products throughout the productlifecycle.Based on the polluter pays principle,this approach requires producers to finance thecosts of recycling or disposing of products that consumers no longer want.It aims to shift thecosts associated with the management of dealing with solid waste away from the local government.The term EPR was first coined in 1990 by a Swedish professor,Thomas Lindhgvist,whointroduced the idea of producers being responsible for their products to the Swedish Ministryof the Environment.The first example of EPR came in Germany in 1991,wheremanufacturers picked up household packaging alongside municipal waste collections.Since

1990,countries around the world have adopted EPR policies around key sectors such aspackaging,electronics,batteries,and vehicles.

EPR creates a financial motivation for producers to design products that last longer andcan be recycled.This is because EPR places the end-of-life costs on the producer.EPR hashistorically been successful in the managing of products that pose risks to communities such asbatteries,paint and old medicines.EPR has led many producers to redesign these items toreduce their risks.Finally,due to ERP closing the loop(循环)on materials management,this approach uses much less energy than it takes to produce items from the beginning.

However,critics of EPR have issues with producers adding recycling costs to the initial

price tag of a product.Another disadvantage is that at the international level,it can negativelyaffect imports to countries that have strict EPR policies as producers in other countries willnot want to be subject to extra fees from these policies.Additionally,it restricts competitionat the local level as producers who take on the extra costs to accommodate EPR policies are ata competitive disadvantage to those who are able to bend the rules and get out of paying thesecosts.

河南省2024届高三3月金太阳百万联考英语答案

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